平特五不中

Promoting an inclusive transition to the circular economy: a case for immigrant entrepreneurs in Montreal

How can the City of Montreal educate and mobilize its diverse entrepreneurs and include them in the ecological transition? More specifically, how to ensure their participation in the transition from a linear economy to one that is more circular?

This executive summary lays out highlights from the report聽Promoting an inclusive transition to the circular economy: a case for immigrant entrepreneurs in Montreal, written by Max Bell School聽Master of Public Policy聽students as part of the 2022 Policy Lab.

Access the summary and presentation below, and read their full report here.

R茅sum茅 en fran莽ais 脿 suivre.


As part of its ecological commitments, Montr茅al has the ambition to implement a circular economy transition. Contrary to the traditional linear economy鈥攚hich features a take-make-waste line of materials for production and consumption鈥攁 circular economy model promotes the reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling of existing materials and products.

The circular economy agenda in Montr茅al has yet to place a focus on the participation of diverse entrepreneurs. This is an issue prevalent globally in current circular economy research and practice. For Montr茅al, it is a missed opportunity given the high potential of its diverse population, and the imperative of mobilizing this audience for a successful transition.

The development of the circular economy agenda has furthermore been dominated by a technical approach that focuses mainly on the industrial processes in large firms. There is a need, globally and also in Montr茅al, to further include small and medium-size businesses in the transition.

This report seeks to address these two issues by adopting the lens of a just transition. This concept is broadly understood as a transition that brings together both social justice concerns and the ecological transition to build a sustainable society. A just transition also aligns the circular economy transition with the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), which the city of Montr茅al is seeking to achieve through its various policies.

In the context of Montr茅al, this report argues that focusing on 鈥渋mmigrant entrepreneurs鈥 in the circular transition is a good starting point toward a just transition.

Existing desk research, insights from stakeholder interviews, and policy case studies were consulted to develop this report and propose actionable recommendations for the municipal government of Montr茅al to mobilize its immigrant entrepreneur in the transition.

Immigrant entrepreneurs need targeted support from the municipal government due to their unique challenges. Data indicates that immigrant entrepreneurs are mostly concentrated in the service sectors and are more likely to operate small-scale or micro firms compared to native-born entrepreneurs. These types of businesses are sidelined by the current circular economy ecosystem in Montr茅al.

A successful circular economy transition requires a particular set of business enablers to be in place. In the case of immigrant entrepreneurs, financial opportunity is the most powerful enabler towards circularity.

Immigrant entrepreneurs face heightened barriers to adopting circularity, which include understanding the complexity in the regulatory environment, financial obstacles and the lack of local networks.

While the municipal government has taken considerable steps to accelerate the circular transition, a few gaps remain for immigrant entrepreneurs to successfully engage in this transition:

  1. Funding: The existing funding system does not accommodate the unique needs of immigrant entrepreneurs. Targeted circular economy funding that is specific to SMEs (smaller sized firms) and the service sector will provide greater inclusion of immigrant entrepreneurs in the funding ecosystem.
  2. Knowledge: Insufficient awareness of relevant information on circular business models and circular economy strategies is a significant impediment to transition for entrepreneurs. Having the appropriate knowledge brokers and knowledge dissemination tools can alleviate the information asymmetries for immigrant entrepreneurs.
  3. Agenda setting: So far, a few actors have played a central role in the development of the circular economy agenda in Montr茅al. Bringing together diverse actors in Montr茅al鈥檚 ecosystem will help the municipal government develop an inclusive circular economy ecosystem. In addition, improving diversity data collection can enhance the municipal government鈥檚 understanding of their circular initiatives and the inclusiveness of the transition.

The recommendations presented by this report focus on addressing the three aforementioned gaps.

Recommendations

Funding Recommendations

Recommendation 1: A Circular Economy Microcredit Loan Microcredit lenders offer a more inclusive and alternative source of funding, as they tend to have fewer requirements on credit history or firms with low annual revenues.

Recommendation 2: Launch of 鈥楪o Circular!鈥 competition for Immigrant Entrepreneurs A circular economy competition will provide greater visibility and financing opportunities for immigrant entrepreneurs. A competitive environment will help foster the creation of innovative ideas among Montr茅al鈥檚 immigrant entrepreneurs.

Knowledge Recommendations

Recommendation 3: A Consumer-facing website showcasing circular products Providing a tech-based platform for circular businesses will allow immigrant entrepreneurs to gain visibility, and potentially capture a new market of environmentally sensitive customers.

Recommendation 4: A Circular Transition training program led by diversity-driven incubators Diversity-driven incubator services can address the knowledge gap faced by immigrant entrepreneurs by providing accessible and practical knowledge of circular business models and strategies.

Agenda-setting Recommendations

Recommendation 5: A Circular Economy Business Working Group A multi-stakeholder approach, facilitated through the 鈥榗ircular economy business working group鈥 will ensure that the municipal government is well-informed on the diverse needs of the business community.

Recommendation 6: Establish a data collection practice capturing diversity within Montr茅al鈥檚 circular initiatives The collection of disaggregated data will allow the municipal government to comprehend the underlying state of diversity in existing circular initiatives and set an inclusive agenda within Montr茅al鈥檚 circular economy.


R茅solue 脿 prot茅ger l鈥檈nvironnement, Montr茅al souhaite amorcer une transition vers une 茅conomie circulaire. Contrairement 脿 l鈥檜suelle 茅conomie lin茅aire, qui se r茅sume 脿 extraire, transformer et jeter les mati猫res destin茅es 脿 la production et 脿 la consommation, ce mod猫le 茅conomique vise 脿 promouvoir la r茅utilisation, la r茅paration, la remise 脿 neuf et le recyclage des mat茅riaux et des produits existants.

脌 Montr茅al, les programmes d鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire tardent 脿 impliquer la participation des communaut茅s entrepreneuriales. C鈥檈st l脿 un probl猫me r茅current dans les r茅centes recherches et pratiques sur ce mod猫le 茅conomique 脿 l鈥櫭ヽhelle plan茅taire. La ville de Montr茅al, pour sa part, passe 脿 c么t茅 d鈥檜ne occasion en or, compte tenu du fort potentiel de sa population diversifi茅e et de la n茅cessit茅 de mobiliser un tel public pour favoriser le succ猫s de la transition.

Le d茅veloppement de l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire est 茅galement domin茅 par une approche technique visant essentiellement les processus industriels des grandes entreprises. La n茅cessit茅 d鈥檌nclure les petites et moyennes organisations dans la transition se fait non seulement sentir 脿 Montr茅al, mais aussi partout ailleurs dans le monde.

Ce rapport aborde ces deux questions dans l鈥檕ptique d鈥檜ne transition juste, concept qui englobe 脿 la fois des pr茅occupations de justice sociale et un virage 茅cologique pour b芒tir une soci茅t茅 durable. La transition juste conjugue aussi l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire et les objectifs de d茅veloppement durable de l鈥橭NU, que la Ville de Montr茅al cherche 脿 atteindre avec ses diverses politiques.

En ce qui concerne la ville de Montr茅al, ce rapport souligne que faire fond sur les 芦 entrepreneurs immigrants 禄 pour transitionner vers une 茅conomie circulaire constitue un excellent point de d茅part en vue d鈥檜ne transition juste.

Ce rapport est fond茅 sur des recherches documentaires, des constatations tir茅es d鈥檈ntrevues avec divers acteurs et des 茅tudes de cas en politiques publiques. Il propose 茅galement des mesures concr猫tes 脿 la Ville de Montr茅al pour rallier ses entrepreneurs immigrants 脿 la transition.

Les entrepreneurs immigrants ont besoin d鈥檜ne aide cibl茅e de la part de l鈥檃dministration municipale pour relever les d茅fis uniques auxquels ils font face. En effet, d鈥檃pr猫s les statistiques, ils 艙uvrent principalement dans le secteur des services et sont plus souvent 脿 la t锚te de petites ou microentreprises, contrairement aux entrepreneurs originaires de la r茅gion. L鈥檃ctuel 茅cosyst猫me d鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire, 脿 Montr茅al, rel猫gue ces cat茅gories d鈥檈ntreprises au second plan.

Pour assurer le succ猫s de la transition vers une 茅conomie circulaire, il faut mettre en place un ensemble de catalyseurs bien particuliers. Dans le cas des entrepreneurs immigrants, les occasions financi猫res sont les plus puissants moyens de parvenir 脿 la circularit茅.

Les entrepreneurs immigrants qui souhaitent adopter un mod猫le de circularit茅 sont confront茅s 脿 de plus grands obstacles que les autres : compr茅hension d鈥檜n milieu r茅glementaire complexe, difficult茅s financi猫res et manque de connexions dans les communaut茅s locales.

M锚me si l鈥檃dministration municipale a mis en place d鈥檌mportantes mesures pour acc茅l茅rer la transition vers la circularit茅, il faut encore combler quelques lacunes pour que les entrepreneurs immigrants participent pleinement 脿 ce mouvement :

  1. Financement : Le syst猫me de financement actuel ne prend pas en compte les besoins particuliers des entrepreneurs immigrants. Un financement ax茅 sur l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire et adapt茅 aux petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) ainsi qu鈥檃u secteur des services favoriserait leur inclusion dans cet 茅cosyst猫me.
  2. Connaissances : La m茅connaissance des ressources pertinentes sur les mod猫les d鈥檃ffaires et les strat茅gies de l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire est une entrave majeure 脿 la transition chez les entrepreneurs. Si l鈥檕n met 脿 leur disposition des courtiers du savoir et des outils de transmission d鈥檌nformations appropri茅s, il sera possible de pallier l鈥檃sym茅trie de l鈥檌nformation chez les entrepreneurs immigrants.
  3. 脡laboration d鈥檜n programme : Pour l鈥檌nstant, seul un petit nombre d鈥檃cteurs ont jou茅 un r么le central dans le d茅veloppement de l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire 脿 Montr茅al. En alliant diff茅rents intervenants de son 茅cosyst猫me, la Ville sera en mesure de cr茅er un mod猫le inclusif. De plus, l鈥檃m茅lioration des techniques de cueillette de donn茅es sur la diversit茅 lui permettra de mieux comprendre les initiatives de circularit茅 et de rendre la transition plus inclusive.

Les recommandations pr茅sent茅es dans ce rapport ont pour but de suppl茅er 脿 ces trois lacunes.

Recommandations

Recommandations li茅es au financement

Recommandation 1 : Offre de microcr茅dit ax茅 sur l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire

Le microcr茅dit constitue une autre possibilit茅 de financement plus inclusive 茅tant donn茅 ses exigences r茅duites quant aux ant茅c茅dents de cr茅dit et au revenu annuel de certaines entreprises.

Recommandation 2 : Lancement du concours 芦 Osez la circularit茅! 禄 脿 l鈥檌ntention des entrepreneurs immigrants

Ce concours incitatif donnerait une meilleure visibilit茅 et offrirait plus d鈥檕ccasions de financement aux entrepreneurs immigrants de Montr茅al. Un environnement comp茅titif favoriserait chez eux l鈥櫭﹎ergence d鈥檌d茅es novatrices.

Recommandations li茅es aux connaissances

Recommandation 3 : Cr茅ation d鈥檜n site Internet pr茅sentant aux consommateurs des produits issus de l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire

La cr茅ation d鈥檜ne plateforme 茅lectronique pour les entreprises adh茅rant 脿 l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire donnerait aux entrepreneurs immigrants une meilleure visibilit茅 et la possibilit茅 de p茅n茅trer un nouveau march茅 constitu茅 d鈥檜ne client猫le 茅coresponsable.

Recommandation 4 : Mise en 艙uvre d鈥檜n programme de formation sur la transition circulaire dirig茅 par des incubateurs d鈥檈ntrepreneurs issus de la diversit茅

Ces services d鈥檌ncubateurs contribueront 脿 corriger les lacunes auxquelles font face les entrepreneurs immigrants en leur donnant acc猫s 脿 des informations pratiques sur les mod猫les d鈥檃ffaires et les strat茅gies de l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire.

Recommandations li茅es 脿 l鈥櫭﹍aboration de programmes

Recommandation 5 : Mise sur pied d鈥檜n groupe de travail form茅 d鈥檈ntrepreneurs adh茅rant 脿 l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire

L鈥檃doption d鈥檜ne approche multilat茅rale, au moyen d鈥檜n groupe de travail form茅 d鈥檈ntrepreneurs adh茅rant 脿 l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire, permettra 脿 l鈥檃dministration de bien s鈥檌nformer des diff茅rents besoins dans le milieu des affaires.

Recommandation 6 : 脡tablissement d鈥檜ne m茅thode de cueillette de donn茅es prenant en compte la diversit茅 dans les initiatives de Montr茅al concernant la circularit茅

La cueillette de donn茅es d茅sagr茅g茅es permettra 脿 l鈥檃dministration de mieux saisir l鈥櫭﹖at sous-jacent de la diversit茅 dans les initiatives actuelles li茅es 脿 la circularit茅 et de mettre en place un programme inclusif dans l鈥櫭ヽonomie circulaire de la ville.


Download the full version of this report here.


This Policy Lab was presented by our MPPs on July 12, 2022. Watch the video below:


About the authors:

Emma DurandEmma Durand

MPP Class of 2022


Munesuishe MafusireMunesuishe (Mune) Mafusire

MPP Class of 2022


Zola MirengeZola Mirenge

MPP Class of 2022


Peng PangyingPeng Pangying

MPP Class of 2022

See the rest of the 2022 Policy Lab reports

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