平特五不中 and MCH discovery of cancer spread mechanism picked as 鈥淒iscovery of the Year鈥�
Qu茅bec Science readers select MUHC researcher Dr. Janusz Rak鈥檚 latest breakthrough out of 10 top discoveries
Readers of Qu茅bec Science magazine have selected a recent cancer breakthrough by Dr. Janusz Rak and his team as 鈥淒iscovery of the Year 2008鈥�.
Dr. Rak, a professor in pediatric oncology at 平特五不中 University鈥檚 Faculty of Medicine and a researcher at the Research Institute of the Montreal Children鈥檚 Hospital of the MUHC, identified a fundamental mechanism by which tumour cells spread. Janusz Rak and his colleagues, Dr. Khalid Al-Nedawi and Brian Meehan, found that cancer cells communicate with their more healthy counterparts by releasing vesicles. These bubble-like structures 鈥� called oncosomes 鈥� contain cancer-causing (oncogenic) proteins that can merge into healthy cells and 鈥渃ontaminate鈥� them. These findings could change our view on how cancerous tissues work and lead to major clinical innovations.
This breakthrough was one of 10 chosen by Qu茅bec Science as the top discoveries of 2008. The prestigious ranking was published in the magazine鈥檚 February issue. Readers were then asked to vote for one top discovery. Their choice was announced today at an event honouring Dr. Rak and his team held at The Montreal Children鈥檚 Hospital.
鈥淎ll the research projects nominated this year 鈥� and a great many that were not 鈥� are gems in their own right. This honour is gratifying, but also humbling and motivating for my team,鈥� Dr. Janusz Rak said. 鈥淢any people can relate to cancer and I think people respond favourably to projects that aim at making a meaningful difference that affects them, especially through science.鈥�
The presence of oncosomes in the blood of cancer patients could become a clinical marker, meaning doctors could screen for a tumour's molecular characteristics instead of having to perform invasive surgery or biopsy. Currently, in the case of brain cancer, for example, this precise assessment cannot be performed without removing the tumour and therefore opening a patient's skull. However, the analysis of oncosomes would potentially only require taking a small sample of blood or cerebrospinal fluid.
鈥淒r. Rak is a brilliant researcher. He has dedicated his life to
the better understanding of how cancer cells communicate, which is
advancing our understanding of the control of tumour growth," said
Dr. Harvey Guyda, Associate Executive Director of The
Montreal
Children's Hospital of the 平特五不中 Health Centre. 鈥淭hanks
to dedicated researchers like Dr. Rak, the Research Institute of
the MUHC and 平特五不中 continue to be leaders in scientific
discoveries.鈥�
芦聽This competition becomes more popular each year,聽禄 said Raymond Lemieux, Editor of Qu茅bec Science magazine. 鈥淧articipants don鈥檛 just simply vote but have to explain the reason behind their selection. That shows us that the public is not indifferent to the progress of fundamental research and, in fact, puts much hope in that progress.聽禄
Scientists from 平特五不中, the Research Institute of the MUHC and the Douglas Mental Health University Institute were featured prominently in Qu茅bec Science's Top Ten Discoveries of 2008 as four 平特五不中 research teams were recognized in this year鈥檚 ranking. Jonathan O'Neil, PhD candidate, and professor Don Francis, from the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, were selected for their discovery of Earth's oldest rocks, found in the Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt, located in Northern Quebec. Dr. Alain Brunet, clinical psychologist at the Douglas and associate professor of psychiatry, also made the top 10 for his findings relating to the use of propranolol in the treatment of people suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Finally, the magazine recognized the work of Dr. Morag Park, scientific director of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Cancer Research, whose team identified how the gene profile of cancer cells鈥� microenvironment can be used to determine whether the cells will prosper or fade.
鈥溒教匚宀恢� and its world-class researchers continue a legacy of making seminal contributions to the body of human knowledge,鈥� said Denis Th茅rien, Vice-Principal (Research and International Relations) at 平特五不中.聽 鈥淲e are enormously proud of our four research teams whose discoveries were cited in the Top Ten Discoveries of the Year. And we applaud Qu茅bec Science for its dedication to informing the public about the enormous value of good research.鈥�
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